pset 9 finance Runtime Error: unsupported value:{'id', 4}

Question

I'm working on pset 9 finance. I have my index nearly done but get an error when a new user logs in. Here is my code for index:

app.route("/")
@login_required
def index():
    """Show portfolio of stocks"""
    # ask database for all transactions of user
    user_buys = db.execute("SELECT * FROM TRANSACTIONS WHERE action = 'buy' AND user_id= ?", session["user_id"])
    user_sells =  db.execute("SELECT * FROM TRANSACTIONS WHERE action = 'sell' AND user_id= ?", session["user_id"])
    # create dictionary of stock symbol and number of shares
    totals = {}
    # user_stocks is a list of dictionaries each with symbol, shares, price, value, cash, and grand total
    user_stocks = []
    # Dispay users cash
    current_cash = get_cash(session['user_id'])
    if not current_cash:
        current_cash = 10000.00
    # If the user has bought any stocks
    if user_buys:
        for buy in user_buys:
            symbol = buy['stock']
            shares = buy['shares']
            # Add up number of shares for stocks bought by user
            if symbol in totals:
                totals[symbol] += shares
            else:
                totals[symbol] = shares
    # if user does not own any stocks
    else:
        grand_total = get_cash(session['user_id'])
        grand_total = usd(grand_total)
    #If the user has sold any stocks
    if user_sells:
        for sell in user_sells:
            symbol = sell['stock']
            shares = sell['shares']
            # Add up number of shares sold by user
            if symbol in totals:
                totals[symbol] -= shares
                if totals[symbol] == 0:
                    totals.pop(symbol)
    # if user owns stock then look up the current price of stock owned
    if bool(totals):
        for symbol, shares in totals.items():
            lookup_result = lookup(symbol)
            if lookup_result:
                current_price = lookup_result['price']
            # if can't find stock in lookup
            else:
                return apology("error in index page - lookup couldn't find price")
            # finding value of stock by multiplying number of shares owned by the current price of that stock
            total_value = current_price * shares
            if total_value:
                # adding all of the information about user stocks into list of dictionaries
                info = {'symbol': symbol, 'shares': shares, 'current_price': current_price, 'total_value': total_value}
                print(info)
                user_stocks.append(info)
            else:
                return apology("No total value yet")
        if user_stocks:
            grand_total = 0
            for user_stock in user_stocks:
                grand_total += user_stock['total_value']
                user_stock['total_value'] = usd(user_stock['total_value'])
            grand_total = usd(grand_total + current_cash)
        else:
            grand_total = get_cash(session['user_id'])
            grand_total = usd(grand_total)

    return render_template("index.html", user_stocks=user_stocks, current_cash=usd(current_cash), grand_total=grand_total)

Here is the error message I got. It says RuntimeError("unsupported value: {}".format(value)) RuntimeError: unsupported value: {'id': 4}. But I don't understand what part of my code is using that value in the index. Here is the entire Error message:

>  * Running on
> https://kicks66rt-curly-garbanzo-9p9rjg9p4wr37x6w-5000.app.github.dev
> INFO: Press CTRL+C to quit INFO:  * Restarting with stat ERROR:
> Exception on / [GET] Traceback (most recent call last):   File
> "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1455, in
> wsgi_app
>     response = self.full_dispatch_request()
>                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 869, in
> full_dispatch_request
>     rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
>          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 867, in
> full_dispatch_request
>     rv = self.dispatch_request()
>          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 852, in
> dispatch_request
>     return self.ensure_sync(self.view_functions[rule.endpoint])(**view_args)
>            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  
> File "/workspaces/127904154/finance/helpers.py", line 38, in
> decorated_function
>     return f(*args, **kwargs)
>            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^   File "/workspaces/127904154/finance/app.py", line 47, in index
>     user_buys = db.execute("SELECT * FROM TRANSACTIONS WHERE action = 'buy' AND user_id= ?", session["user_id"])
>                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/cs50/sql.py", line 29,
> in decorator
>     return f(*args, **kwargs)
>            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/cs50/sql.py", line 200, in
> execute
>     _args = ", ".join([str(self._escape(arg)) for arg in args])
>                            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/cs50/sql.py", line 501, in
> _escape
>     return sqlparse.sql.TokenList(sqlparse.parse(", ".join([str(__escape(v)) for v in value])))
>                                                                 ^^^^^^^^^^^   File
> "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/cs50/sql.py", line 497, in
> __escape
>     raise RuntimeError("unsupported value: {}".format(value)) RuntimeError: unsupported value: {'id': 4} INFO: 127.0.0.1 - -
> [06/Dec/2023 19:49:50] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500

Answer 1

The error indicates the value of session['user_id'] is {'id': 4}. Bug likely in register when it sets session['user_id'].